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EVIDENCE-BASED · PEER-REVIEWED

Sources & Citations

Every DrPaul health tool is built on peer-reviewed research, published clinical guidelines, and established medical reference standards. Below you’ll find the complete citations for all 16 tools.

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Phenotypic Age Calculator MedCheck Rx™ CancerClarity™ TravelGuard™ NutriGuard Rx™ SuppleSafe 360™ DailyDose Rx™ HealthFacts Rx™ Daily Health™ AHA PREVENT Calculator Metabolic Syndrome Analyzer Lipid Profile Analyzer CMP Analyzer Thyroid Panel Analyzer Iron Profile Analyzer Inflammatory Biomarker Analyzer Autoimmune Biomarker Analyzer
🤖 About AI-Powered Tools: Seven of our tools (MedCheck Rx, CancerClarity, TravelGuard, NutriGuard Rx, SuppleSafe 360, DailyDose Rx, and HealthFacts Rx) use AI to synthesize information from the databases and guidelines listed below. Each AI-generated result includes specific source references within the output itself.
Phenotypic Age Calculator
Biological age from 9 standard blood biomarkers using the Levine et al. Gompertz formula
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  1. 1Levine ME, Lu AT, Quach A, et al. “An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan.” Aging (Albany NY). 2018;10(4):573-591. doi:10.18632/aging.101414
  2. 2Liu Z, Kuo PL, Horvath S, Crimmins E, Ferrucci L, Levine M. “A new aging measure captures morbidity and mortality risk across diverse subpopulations from NHANES IV.” PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0197245. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197245
  3. 3Belsky DW, Caspi A, Houts R, et al. “Quantification of biological aging in young adults.” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112(30):E4104-E4110. doi:10.1073/pnas.1506264112
  4. 4Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
MedCheck Rx™
AI-powered medication interaction analysis
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  1. 1U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).” fda.gov/drugs
  2. 2DrugBank Online. Comprehensive drug interaction and pharmacology database. go.drugbank.com
  3. 3National Library of Medicine. “DailyMed: Drug label information.” dailymed.nlm.nih.gov
  4. 4Lexicomp / UpToDate. Drug interaction analysis methodology. Wolters Kluwer Health. wolterskluwer.com
  5. 5Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Wolters Kluwer Health; updated annually.
CancerClarity™
5-year personalized cancer screening timeline
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  1. 1U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Grade A & B Screening Recommendations. uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org
  2. 2American Cancer Society. “Cancer Screening Guidelines.” cancer.org/screening
  3. 3National Comprehensive Cancer Network. “NCCN Guidelines for Detection, Prevention, & Risk Reduction.” nccn.org/guidelines
  4. 4American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. “HCC Surveillance Guidelines.” aasld.org
  5. 5U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Cancer Screening Tests.” cdc.gov/cancer
TravelGuard™
Live global outbreak alerts for travelers
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  1. 1U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “CDC Travelers’ Health — Destinations.” wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel
  2. 2World Health Organization. “Disease Outbreak News (DONs).” who.int/emergencies
  3. 3CDC. “Yellow Book — Health Information for International Travel.” CDC Yellow Book
  4. 4ProMED — International Society for Infectious Diseases. promedmail.org
NutriGuard Rx™
Condition-based food & beverage avoidance guide
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  1. 1NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. “Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets.” ods.od.nih.gov
  2. 2Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. “Evidence Analysis Library.” andeal.org
  3. 3U.S. FDA. “Drug Interactions: What You Should Know.” fda.gov/drugs
  4. 4Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. Therapeutic Research Center. naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com
  5. 5American Diabetes Association. “Standards of Care — Nutrition Therapy.” diabetesjournals.org/care
SuppleSafe 360™
Supplement safety & interaction checker
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  1. 1United States Pharmacopeia. “USP-NF Dietary Supplement Standards.” usp.org
  2. 2NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. “Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets.” ods.od.nih.gov
  3. 3Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. Therapeutic Research Center. naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com
  4. 4Stargrove MB, Treasure J, McKee DL. Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions. Mosby/Elsevier; 2008.
  5. 5WHO. “Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants.” who.int/publications
DailyDose Rx™
Personalized daily health tips from research databases
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  1. 1National Library of Medicine. “PubMed.” pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. 2U.S. National Library of Medicine. “ClinicalTrials.gov.” clinicaltrials.gov
  3. 3Allen Institute for AI. “Semantic Scholar.” semanticscholar.org
  4. 4U.S. FDA. “Safety Data and Adverse Event Reports.” fda.gov/safety
HealthFacts Rx™
AI-powered health claim fact-checker
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  1. 1National Library of Medicine. “PubMed.” pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. 2Cochrane Library. “Cochrane Systematic Reviews.” cochranelibrary.com
  3. 3World Health Organization. “WHO Fact Sheets.” who.int/fact-sheets
  4. 4U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Health Topics A-Z.” cdc.gov
Daily Health™
AI-powered daily health recommendations
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  1. 1National Library of Medicine. “PubMed.” pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. 2U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Health Topics A-Z.” cdc.gov
  3. 3World Health Organization. “Health Topics.” who.int/health-topics
AHA PREVENT CVD Risk Calculator
10 & 30-year cardiovascular disease risk assessment
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  1. 1Khan SS, Matsushita K, Sang Y, et al. “Development and validation of the AHA PREVENT equations.” Circulation. 2024;149(6):e430-e449. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001191
  2. 2American Heart Association. “PREVENT Online Calculator.” professional.heart.org
  3. 3Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, et al. “2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on Primary Prevention of CVD.” Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678
Metabolic Syndrome Analyzer
5-criteria metabolic risk evaluation
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  1. 1Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, et al. “Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome.” Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640-1645. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
  2. 2Grundy SM, et al. “Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: AHA/NHLBI scientific statement.” Circulation. 2005;112(17):2735-2752. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404
  3. 3National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. “Metabolic Syndrome.” nhlbi.nih.gov
Lipid Profile Analyzer
Cholesterol & lipid panel interpretation
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  1. 1Grundy SM, Stone NJ, et al. “2018 AHA/ACC Guideline on Blood Cholesterol Management.” J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(24):e285-e350. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.003
  2. 2NHLBI. “Blood Cholesterol.” nhlbi.nih.gov
  3. 3Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel Analyzer
Liver, kidney, electrolyte, and metabolic panel interpretation
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  1. 1ARUP Laboratories. “Laboratory Test Directory.” aruplab.com
  2. 2Mayo Clinic Laboratories. “Test Definitions and Reference Ranges.” mayocliniclabs.com
  3. 3National Kidney Foundation. “eGFR Calculator and CKD Staging.” kidney.org
  4. 4American Diabetes Association. “Standards of Care in Diabetes.” diabetesjournals.org/care
Thyroid Panel Analyzer
TSH, T3, T4 result interpretation
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  1. 1Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, et al. “Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism.” Thyroid. 2014;24(12):1670-1751. doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0028
  2. 2Ross DS, Burch HB, et al. “2016 ATA Guidelines for Hyperthyroidism.” Thyroid. 2016;26(10):1343-1421. doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0229
  3. 3American Thyroid Association. “Thyroid Function Tests.” thyroid.org
  4. 4Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
Iron Profile Analyzer
Iron, ferritin, TIBC analysis
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  1. 1Camaschella C. “Iron-deficiency anemia.” N Engl J Med. 2015;372(19):1832-1843. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1401038
  2. 2Bacon BR, Adams PC, et al. “Diagnosis and management of hemochromatosis: 2011 AASLD practice guideline.” Hepatology. 2011;54(1):328-343. doi:10.1002/hep.24330
  3. 3WHO. “Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention, and Control.” who.int/publications
  4. 4Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
Inflammatory Biomarker Analyzer
CRP, ESR, and inflammation markers
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  1. 1Ridker PM. “C-reactive protein, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease.” Tex Heart Inst J. 2005;32(3):384-386. PMC1336713
  2. 2Furman D, et al. “Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span.” Nat Med. 2019;25(12):1822-1832. doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0675-0
  3. 3Pearson TA, et al. “Markers of inflammation and CVD — AHA/CDC statement.” Circulation. 2003;107(3):499-511. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000052939.59093.45
  4. 4Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
Autoimmune Biomarker Analyzer
ANA, RF, and autoimmune markers
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  1. 1Aletaha D, Neogi T, et al. “2010 ACR/EULAR RA classification criteria.” Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2569-2581. doi:10.1002/art.27584
  2. 2Damoiseaux J, et al. “Clinical relevance of HEp-2 patterns: ICAP consensus.” Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(7):879-889. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214436
  3. 3American College of Rheumatology. “Clinical Practice Guidelines.” rheumatology.org
  4. 4Reference ranges: ARUP Laboratories (aruplab.com) and Mayo Clinic Laboratories (mayocliniclabs.com)
Dr. Paul Kilgore, MD, MPH, FACP
Board-Certified Internist & Epidemiologist · 36 Years Clinical Experience
drpaulkilgore.com